World Christian Database: glossary

Data source: Gina A. Zurlo, ed., World Christian Database (Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2025).

Glossary item Definition
adherents Followers, supporters, members, believers, devotees of a religion.
adult A person who is over 14 years of age.
Adventists Protestant tradition founded 1844, emphasising the imminent Second Advent of Christ. 
affiliated Followers of a religion enrolled and known to its leadership, usually with names written on rolls.
affiliated Christians Church members: all persons belonging to or connected with organised churches, whose names are inscribed, written or entered on the churches books, records or rolls.
African Indigenous Churches Denominations indigenous to Africans, founded without outside help; also termed African Independent Churches, African Initiated Churches.
Afro-American spiritists Followers of Afro-Brazilian, Afro-Cuban and other African religious survivals in the Americas, low spiritists, syncretising Catholicism with African and Amerindian animistic religions.
agnostics Persons who lack a religion or profess unbelief in a religion. The term includes (1) classical agnostics (who hold that it is impossible to know for certain whether God or deity of any kind exists); (2) those who profess uncertainty as to the existence of God; and (3) other nonreligious persons such as secularists.
Ahmadiya (Ahmadiyya) Ex-Shia Muslim messianic movement, pronounced heretical by Pakistan, following 1889 founder Ghulam Ahmad.
Anabaptists (from Greek: re-baptisers) Various groups in Continental Europe in the 16th century collectively termed the Left-Wing Reformation who refused to allow their children to be baptised and reinstituted the baptism of adult believers; represented today by Mennonites and Hutterites.
Ancient Church of the East Also called Assyrians, Nestorians, Aramaean Christians or East Syrians (Messihaye); Chaldean (Syriac)-speaking; the original Church of Mesopotamia.
Anglicans Christians related to the Anglican Communion, tracing their origin back to the ancient British (Celtic) and English churches; including Anglican dissidents.
animism The attribution of consciousness and personality to natural phenomena such as thunder and fire, and to objects such as rocks and trees.
apostasy The renunciation or abandonment of ones previous religious profession of faith.
apostolate In Catholic usage, the service of members and spread of the faith by bishops, priests, religious and laity.
archbishop (Greek: leading bishop) A metropolitan or primate with jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province; occasionally an honorary title only.
archdiocese (symbol AD). A diocese presided over by an archbishop (qv).
Armenian Apostolic An ancient Orthodox liturgical tradition dating back to the Apostolic era, also called Gregorians.
atheists Persons who reject the idea of any deity. The term also includes opponents of theism and of organised religion who otherwise might be considered agnostics (qv).
autocephalous church An independent, self-governing church appointing its own chief bishop; usually Orthodox.
Baha'is Followers of the Bahai World Faith, founded in 1844 by Bahaullah in what is now Iran.
baptism The sacramental rite that admits a candidate to membership in a Christian church; usually by immersion (submersion), affusion (pouring), or aspersion (sprinkling) with water.
Baptistic-Pentecostals Classical Pentecostals (qv) teaching a 2-crisis experience (conversion, baptism of the Spirit). Also termed Keswick-Pentecostals.
Baptists (1) In its widest meaning, all Christian traditions that baptise adults (qv) only in contrast to paedobaptists, who baptise infants. (2) The specific tradition of Protestants and Independents calling themselves Baptists.
Base Christian communities Small ecclesial communities or groups that have sprung up in the churches, stressing such things as community, renewal, Charismatic gifts, prayer, Bible study, evangelism, social action and political awareness
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Religions

Data on 18 categories of religion, including non-religious, by country, province, and people.

Countries and regions

Data on all religions, Christian activities, and trends.

Denominations

Membership data, year begun, and rates of change.

Cities & provinces

Population and religion data on all major cities & provinces.

Peoples & languages

Detailed information covering religion, culture, and geography.

Archive

A repository of historical data, including a chronology of Christianity from the 1st to 21st centuries.